How to Cite a Book in AGLC Referencing

How to Cite a Book in AGLC Referencing How to Cite a Book in AGLC Referencing As a legal referencing system, AGLC has specific rules for citing cases and legislation. But what about other sources, like textbooks? These are known as secondary sources. And while you can cite them, the rules are a little different. Here, we look at how to cite a book with AGLC. Footnote References for a Book in AGLC AGLC indicates references using superscript numbers (e.g., 1, 2, 3) in the main text of your essay. These numbers point to a footnote, where you will need to provide full source information. To cite a book, for instance, you would need to include the following information in the first footnote: n. Author’s Name, Title of Book (Publisher, Edition, Year) Pinpoint. In the above, edition only applies if the book has more than one published version, while â€Å"pinpoint† refers to the specific page(s) cited. For instance: 1. Rory McJudge, Knowing the Law (NexusLexus, 2nd ed, 2014) 534. Here, we’ve included â€Å"2nd ed† to show that we’re citing the second edition. And the â€Å"534† at the end shows we’re citing page 534 of the source. If a source has four or more authors, meanwhile, simply name the first author followed by â€Å"et al† to indicate that other names have been excluded. Repeat Citations in AGLC To save duplicating information if you cite a source more than once, AGLC uses a shortened footnote format for repeat citations. The rules for this depend on whether you’re citing the same source twice in a row or returning to something after citing a different source: For consecutive citations of the same source (i.e., two or more citations in a row), use the Latin term â€Å"ibid,† which means â€Å"in the same place.† For non-consecutive citations, give the author’s surname and a bracketed cross reference to the first citation (e.g., â€Å"n 1† = first footnote). If you’re referring to a different part of the same text in either case, you should also give a new pinpoint reference. In practice, then, repeat citations of a source would look something like the following: 1. Rory McJudge, Knowing the Law (NexusLexus, 2nd ed, 2014) 534. 2. Ibid. 3. Navigation Act 2012 (Cth) s 14. 4. McJudge (n 1) 454. 5. Ibid, 243-244. Here, citations 2 and 5 are consecutive citations (i.e., they refer to the previously cited book). Citation 4, meanwhile, is a non-consecutive repeat citation of the book from footnote 1. If citing more than one source by the same author, moreover, you can use a shortened version of the title in non-consecutive citations to show which source you are citing. Books in an AGLC Bibliography As well as citing books in footnotes, AGLC requires you to add all sources to a bibliography at the end of your document. Books go in the first section (i.e., Articles, Books and Reports), listed alphabetically by author surname. The information you need to include here is similar to the first footnote, but with the author’s names inverted, no pinpoint reference, and no full stop: Surname, First Name/Initial, Title of Book (Publisher, Edition, Year) Thus, the bibliography entry for the book cited above would be: McJudge, Rory, Knowing the Law (NexusLexus, 2nd ed, 2014) If a source has more than one author, you should only reverse the names of the first person listed. And as with footnote references, sources with four or more authors should use â€Å"et al† after naming the first listed author to show that other contributors have been excluded. Hopefully, this post has cleared up the basics of citing a book in AGLC. If you need any help checking the referencing in a document, though, we can help.

How to Provide Needed Planning and Research for Dissertation

How to Provide Needed Planning and Research for Dissertation How to Provide Needed Planning and Research for Dissertation A dissertation is an academic task where a student is required to come up with a topic, plan and execute a project based on that topic and explain what he/she did and the findings. The most important stages to consider when preparing a dissertation include choosing a topic, coming up with research questions, planning the research for dissertation efficiently, being organized and using specified methods while conducting the study and finally reporting the research. Let us take a more in-depth look at these stages. Choosing a Topic In most cases, a minority of the students can clearly come up with research questions that enable them to address their research topic effectively. Majority of the students usually arrive here with several ideas in their mind but with no specific research question. With deadlines approaching fast, these students start panicking and becoming anxious. To ensure this does not happen, first, a student should talk to his or her friends, teachers or parents concerning the topic choice. Comments and feedback will serve as a guide but you need to make the final decision. Also, study other written materials in your field of study. Skim through other research papers in your library to find the most capturing topic. Additionally, focus on what interests you and be critical. Find out what you are skeptical about that needs to be studied further. A research study can either extend a previous study, explore an area that was not appropriately researched. Coming up with Research Questions Once your choice of topic has been accepted, start turning your topic into something meaningful. It is crucial to come up with a research problem at the beginning of your project. Doing this will keep your project on the right track. Revise your research problems as you get more information about your topic. Your research problem(s) should be focused regarding the subject, aspect and period of time. Research problems can be converted into questions to make your focus clearer. Planning Your Research Effectively A student should prepare a research proposal before preparing the project. A research proposal is a detailed document with around 2500 words describing your project and how you are going to undertake it. A proposal will help you think through your project. Next, you should create a research plan. It is wise to calculate how many days you have till the date of submission and then to draw a chart that shows what you will individually do on those days. It is essential to be realistic when planning. Being Organized and Strategic Each student is given a supervisor to help in providing ideas. Since academics are busy people, it is essential to arrange meetings with them early enough and have a subject to discuss on. Always be punctual. No one likes to be kept waiting. Undertake a literature review to gain more insight on your topic. It mainly involves reviewing materials that have been published (softcopy and hardcopy). Collect your data and record it accurately. Reporting the Research At this stage, you should start writing your research. It is important to have enough time to write and revise your project. Always communicate with your supervisor as you progress. Most researches start with an objective question. Reflect on the topics and the theories you have covered in your syllabus. Start searching for any relevant information that reflects on your chosen subject. You will notice that as you focus on your topic and read more articles, your perspective on the research will start evolving. Therefore, you should change your research content as new information comes to light. Start creating plans and milestones to be achieved for you to complete your paper on time. Schedule meetings with your supervisor and ensure that you attend all of them. You should understand your institutions’ guidelines on collecting information and compiling it. The following is a general outline of a research paper: Chapter One involves the purpose of the study and its significance. Chapter Two is the literature review. It involves compiling information related to your topic using both softcopy and hardcopy. Chapter Three involves describing your research methodology. In Chapter Four, you list and describe your conclusions in detail. Section five involves discussing your findings and areas of future research. After completing your study, submit it on time to the chair of your institution so that you can defend it before a panel and revise your corrections after that.

Movie the Italian Job (2003) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Movie the Italian Job (2003) - Essay Example The job was always successful without a drawback until one of the group member Steve (Edward Norton) gets greedy. He blows Bridger away, leaving the others for al fresco fish chow beneath an alpine lake. Only one person is more marked than Croker and that's the Bridger's daughter, safecracking specialist Stella (Charlize Theron). Still soggy, Croker and the lads return to LA where they enlist her services to take back the gold, and more importantly, stick it to Steve. According to Hamblin (2009), Charlie Crocker (Mark Wahlberg), and his group of thieves pulled off the crime of a lifetime by stealing a safe which was filled with gold bricks of thirty-five million dollars. But in this event, the thing that did not go according to his plan was the possibility of double cross by his own group members. And being cheated by his own group members his main aim was to take revenge of his mentor’s (Donald Sutherland) death. According to his review there are lots of similarities between the movies of 1969 and 2003. Both the characters Charlie Crocker and John Bridger are from the original movie of 1969. In a few cases the action scenes of this movie with three minis are same as the old one. There are similarities were in the moves used in the fights, such as traffic jams as well as in case of chases in a drain. (Hamblin, 2009, 290). The movie The Italian Job of 2003 is a smart funny movie with full of entertainment. Between the action scenes featuring wild boat rides through the canals of Venice, chase scenes involving the coolest little cars on wheels, and an intricately planned act of revenge lies a film filled with some great dialogue and smart acting by all the actors. According to Murray (nd), the movie starts off with a good and highly educated group of thieves pulling off the perfect heist, stealing huge amounts of gold from a strict guarded place in Venice. Till that point, everything was according to the plan, but one group pulls a double cross and therefo re taking out John Bridger (Donald Sutherland), and brains behind the entire group, forced to split up the group vows revenge on traitor Steve (Edward Norton). According to him the movie, takes off on a riotous ride over and under Downtown Los Angeles. The most important point associated with this film that stand out from the standard heist film of 1969, is mainly the attractive choice of casting of the movie, to match the character with actor for even the most minor player. â€Å"The Italian Job† works because all of the actors are totally believable. According to the report published in BBC by Stella Papmichael, the main difference with this movie and the original movie is adds wallop lacking in the original version. In the new movie the revenge adds wallop which is occasionally destabilized by Mark Wahlberg's cosmic anti-presence. In this new version of the movie, Charlize Theron is the key behind driving this movie forward , taking the wheel with quiet confidence. Accordi ng to Papmichael, It's just a shame the flirty cat-and-mouse game between Stella and Steve heads up a cul-de-sac to give way for Croker..The culminating 'big job', with a trio of Mini Coopers incongruously zipping through LA gridlock, has all the audacious mischief of its progenitor. The difference is you don't have to endure an hour of dull cockney banter

Growth Strategies to Achieve Competitive Advantage Essay

Growth Strategies to Achieve Competitive Advantage - Essay Example Business growth is nothing but a double-edged sword. If it is well managed and properly controlled, it would definitely provide remarkable rewards to the shareholders as well as to the leaders of the emerging organization. But when growth is uncontrolled and poorly planned it might results in financial misery and failure (Sherman, A. J. July 13, 2006). Effective planning and management are crucial for sustaining the growth for a long time. Lack of effective planning and management would result to attack by the creditors, competitors, creative takeover specialists and hostile employees. The central question that needs to be asked regarding this topic is what strategies ought to be followed in facilitating growth. Apart from this central question, there could be various sub-questions which would be associated with the business structure, availability of the capital, time and market condition. The central question focus on the strategies that are required for growth. Without proper stra tegy, no management can keep the organization on the growth track. These strategies would be based on the structure of the organization, availability of the capital, time and market condition. As a result, these factors would be the main focus of the sub-questions. XYZ power utility company is operating in a developing state of Southern Africa. The company is a state-operated company; as a result, there is lack of efficiency in company’s operation. There could be various growth strategies for such a company. Ansoff matrix is one of the most useful growth strategies which are widely used in the industry. There are four strategies in Ansoff matrix. These are market penetration, product development, Market development, and diversification. In market penetration strategy organization tries to grow with its existing product within its existing market. In product development strategy firm introduces a new product in the existing market. In market development strategy firm identifies a new market for its existing product and finally in diversification strategy firm introduce a new product in a totally new market (Valuebasedmanagement.net, n.d.).

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business Essay Example for Free

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business Essay Some of the key areas of Chipotle’s code of conduct that are of significant importance to the business is the integrity statement and the anti-discrimination, harassment and sexual harassment policy. In the Chipotle’s Ethics and Conflicts of Interest Policy of the Integrity Statement, integrity is about being real and being honest. It means doing the right thing even when no one is watching. That means that you should do the same thing when your manager or co-workers is around or if they aren’t around. No matter what, each of them must accept personal responsibility for doing the right thing. Whether that means when someone is around or not. It also states that they should not accept gifts from competitors, suppliers, vendors, potential vendors, or business entities with which they are conducting business on behalf of Chipotle. When accepting gifts: they should never accept a gift unless it meets all of the following criteria: (1) it is not a cash gift; (2) it is consistent with customary business practices; (3) it is not excessive in value (i.e., is under $150); (4) it cannot be construed as a bribe or payoff; and (5) it does not violate any law or regulation. If you are not sure whether a gift or proposed gift is appropriate, please discuss it with your Manager/Director, who may, in isolated cases, approve your acceptance of a gift that may otherwise have violated criteria (2) or (3). Each year, employees in management positions should be prepared to submit a statement disclosing any entertainment, gifts, or services that they or members of their staff have accepted. Any items that have been accepted must be reported at that time, regardless of whether they were previously discussed with your Manager/Director. Your Manager/ Director will determine if you may keep the gift, return it, or whether it should more appropriately become Company property. You should never offer, give, or provide a gift unless it meets the following criteria: (1) it is not a cash gift; (2) it is consistent with customary business practices; (3) it is not excessive in value (i.e., is under $150); (4) it cannot be constructed as a bribe or payoff; and (5) it does no t violate any  law or regulation. Just like when receiving gifts, if you are not sure whether a gift or proposed gift is appropriate, discuss it with your Manager/Director, who may, in isolated cases, approve your giving of a gift that may otherwise have violated criteria (2) or (3). I think that this is important when receiving or giving gifts because you don’t want to lose your job over something so small. It is also a good idea to have something like this written down because for someone who doesn’t know any better, it will help them out a lot. You may accept entertainment invitations, such as business meals, if they are in line with accepted business practices, could not be constructed as potentially influencing your business judgment or creating an obligation on your part, and if public knowledge of your participation would not embarrass you or Chipotle. When such business activities occur frequently, such costs should be shared or paid for on reciprocal basis. You should always be professional. Act professionally and conscientiously when making business decisions. Personal relationships should never interfere, or give the appearance of interfering, with business actions, judgments, or decisions. When making decisions, weigh all factors impartially and without prejudice and make all decisions solely based on merit. You should honor your agreements and do not encourage or interfere with other parties’ contracts or agreements. Avoid legal speculation or conclusions in your communications. And you should not discuss areas beyond your knowledge or expertise. This is really important because I think that you should act and be professional on any job that is out here. The Anti-Discrimination, Harassment and Sexual Harassment Policy states; Chipotle believes in the value of a diverse workforce, equal opportunity, and a workplace free of discrimination and all forms of unlawful harassment. Chipotle prohibits unlawful discrimination, harassment, and sexual harassment. Employees who violate this policy may be disciplined up to and including termination. Chipotle strongly believes that employees and applicants for employment should be treated without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, gender, age, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability, veteran status, genetic information, or any other prohibited basis. This applies to all employment practices. At Chipotle, no form of harassment is acceptable. This includes joking remarks or other abusive conduct (including verbal, non-verbal, or physical conduct)  that demeans or shows hostility. Sexual harassment is also prohibited because it may be intimidating or an abuse of power and it is inconsistent with their policies, practices, and management philosophy. Discrimination or harassment of an employee-whether by another employee, supplier, vendor, or customer-is strictly prohibited. This policy I think is the most important because without this policy, so many people can harassed and scared to tell someone about it. Also the anti-discrimination policy is important because of the fact that a lot of women are discriminated against a lot of jobs out here because the mangers think that they aren’t fit for them. Some of the key steps that Chipotle should take to ensure that employees follow the code of conduct would be to have them read it when they are first hired. And then every 2 or 4 months they could give them tests on it to make sure they know and understand it. They can also make sure the managers are up to date on the code of conduct as well. Some ways in which Chipotle can engage in socially responsive activities in the community within it is operated. They can donate all their unused food to homeless shelters. They can do special deals for the senior citizens and for veterans other than Veterans Day. They can build customer relationships. They can do that by having loyalty programs. They must have good customer service or their customer’s will not return. Resources (1) Chipotle Code of Conduct (2) http://www.grouponworks.com/merchant-blog/marketing/four-easy-ways-to-build-customer-relationships-resturant/ (3) http://smallbusiness.chron.com/rules-conduct-resturant-employees-18671.html

Why is the Novel Called To Kill a Mockingbird? Essay -- To Kill a Mocki

Why is the Novel called To Kill a Mockingbird. In order for us to understand the reason why the novel is called "To Kill a Mockingbird", we need to take into account what the title actually means. The mockingbird is a type of finch, and it gets its name from its ability to make sounds that mimic other animals. This bird is not a predator and all it does is to make music. In the book the references made to the mockingbird are ones of great significance. The first time we come across this in the novel is when Atticus Finch says to his son Jem Finch, "Shoot all the bluejays you want, if you can hit 'em, but remember it's a sin to kill a mockingbird." The children, Jem and his sister Scout do not, at first, understand the importance of this advice. They decide to ask their neighbour, and also good friend, Miss. Maudie about it. She starts off with "Your father's right," and this is not the only time in the novel when she is in agreement with Atticus' views. She is almost a mother figure to the children along with Calpurnia, who is their cook, and she reinforces Atticus' philosophy. In this instance what she tells the children about mockingbirds, reinforces Atticus' views. She says: "Mockingbirds don't do one thing but make music for us to enjoy. They don't eat up people's gardens, don't nest in corncribs, they don't do one thing but sing their hearts out for us. That's why it's a sin to kill a mockingbird." At this point the writer is conveying to us that it is a sin to kill a mockingbird, the reason being that it does not do anything but make music. Mockingbirds are portrayed as the epitome of innocence. The killing of an innocent is always seen as a horrendous crime in any age and any time. As we re... ...ole point that the novel is trying convey is about tolerance and understanding. It is due to a lack of these things that we get prejudice and discrimination of any kind occurs, whether it is racial or because of gender. If people were tolerant of other people then these problems would not even arise. Atticus is right when he tells scout that to truly understand a person you need to walk in their shoes. By doing this you will understand the person and so will be able to tolerate the person without fearing them because they are different to yourself. Atticus is not the only person in this novel who is able to think ahead. We know that people like Miss Maudie and Heck Tate, the sheriff, are also able to think beyond racial lines. We have come a long way from then, in establishing equality, and yet we still have a long way to go in achieving the perfect world.

How is Brutus portrayed as a tragic hero?

Throughout the works of Shakespeare, tragedy has always been a vital foundation and a key to his immense successes. His fine mastery of the art became legendary amongst the audiences that watched his various plays. Romeo and Juliet is a prime example of the tragedy he could combine into a stage performance. An Irish poet named Oscar Wilde who was a novelist, dramatist and critic in the late eighteen hundreds once wrote, â€Å"There are only two tragedies in life: one is not getting what one wants, and the other is getting it. This has an exact correlation to the play Julius Caesar where the tragedy lies in the greed of a man who wants too much. This particular play is based entirely upon dreadful choices leading to demise. The character Brutus in particular is a key personality to the structure of the play in his fall from honour. Being a man of utmost glory and loyalty becomes his biggest weakness. In Act 1 Scene 2 we are presented with the pressure that Cassius weighs upon Brutus' mind. In lines 79-80 the truth of Brutus' troubles become clear. In the heat of conversation he says â€Å"What means this shouting? I do fear the people choose Caesar for their king†. This is the turning point in the play as the stepping stones begin to fall in place and Brutus reveals to the viewers his deep down uncertainty to the decision of Caesar being crowned emperor. Cassius is a very influential force in the corruption of Brutus. The real change of heart for Brutus arrives in Act 2 Scene 1 when he receives the letter (lines 46-47). The play begins to see him question his values and reasons. The true torment of all he has lived for, the honour he based his life upon becomes clear and treachery looms close by. Though the letter is simple and only two lines, it sparks the questions needed to be raised in order to get beneath the unwavering loyalties that he is shown to carry. In the lines that read, â€Å"Brutus, thou sleep'st: awake'. Such instigations have often been dropp'd where I have took them up† (lines 48-49), and, â€Å"Shall Rome stand under one man's awe? What Rome? † (line 52), it is apparent that the few words the letter carried have created doubt in Brutus' mind. The fact that Brutus is so appealing to the audience is a mixture of emotions stirred within each person watching the play. It is comprehendible and probable that Shakespeare's ambition was to connect this character to the everyday temptations and conscientious objecting that every person goes through. Although this has been extremely dramatised, people can familiarise with Brutus' predicament as they have at least once in their lives faced a temptation for which they have most probably given in to. In Act 1 Scene 2, lines 82-89 it provides the loose fibre in the strength of Brutus' loyalty, but also shows the torment inside of this character facing the brutal reality of his own thoughts and feelings, a classic example being, â€Å"I would not, Cassius; yet I love him well†. It presents the fractured reasoning of the human mind; the inability to come to a threatening conclusion against all that has been previously believed, a sympathy that everyone has subconsciously acquired through a relation to their own similar experiences. The flaw in the character of Brutus is his own deep thirst for honour. Though this is important in order for the play's theme to coincide with the historical Roman context, it is also a weakness inside the characters personality that was intentionally added to bring the play to a rise in calamity. The character Cassius uses this weakness to an advantage. The deceitful cunning that the he possesses alone pushes Brutus into seeing a whole different side to his own glory. He begins to build a frame for his motives and starts to press upon himself a false story of the higher nobility. This is entirely proven in the eulogy he gives at Caesar's funeral. He speaks of himself in such a manner that he even fools himself into believing he's done nothing wrong, specifically shown in Act 3 Scene 2, lines 20-28 where it says, â€Å"If then that friend demand why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer: not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more†. This signifies the fact that Brutus is completely tricked into thinking he did the right thing. Although being far more intelligent than to believe that Cassius is truly trying to bring Rome to justice, he starts to consider the possibility that the treacherous character may have a point. Once again Act 2 Scene 1, line 52 comes into play where he sees a different light on Caesar. Instead of seeing him as a proud but honest ruler, he looks upon him with the eye of Cassius and sees an over ambitious ruler with a hunger for power. This weakness was a calculated imperfection on the part of Shakespeare. It is evident that his goal was to produce the suitable factor to manipulate in order to make Brutus a tragic hero and effectively utilise that status to get the audiences emotionally involved in the play. To finalise Brutus' â€Å"tragic hero† status, the last component was to have the character die a dramatic death. As most people in Shakespeare's lifetime where in the age where they began to appreciate the lifestyles and arts of Ancient Rome, they were well aware of the battle standards and were all to familiar with the classic death on the battle field when a soldier lost his honour. So it was only justice to have Brutus follow the same fate at the end of the play in order to hit home on the audiences' interests. The clarity of Brutus' misconduct becomes obvious to him when he sees the blood spilt on his behalf and realises the end is near, presented in Act 5 Scene 5, lines 1-51, especially in the line where it says, â€Å"Sit thee down, Clitus. Slaying is the word; it is a deed in fashion. Hark thee, Clitus. † (lines 4-5). With this consequence, the audience will be in a deep sympathy because by this stage they have grown to like this character and feel sorry for his poor decisions if Shakespeare's methods are convincing and will be enthralled in the drama of his exit, admiring the characters honour even after his descent from valour. In conclusion, the character Brutus is shown as a tragic hero due to a range of reasons. If Shakespeare's in depth and intelligent understanding of sympathy and personal familiarities wasn't shown through the play then the audience would not feel the same emotions and therefore would not have experienced the sorrows or have empathized with Brutus' predicaments that he got himself into. Shakespeare plays on the audience's personal tragedies and faults by adding a character mislead by treachery and blinded with the pursuit of an honour that was false from the start. If the audience was not moved by the play, then the character would become wooden and the effect would be obsolete. Brutus' human faults of being vulnerable to deceit and cunning are what make this character so lifelike. The tragedy of this deluded character killing himself at the end of a series of bad consequences brought forth by deception is what makes him such a ‘tragic hero'.

Advertising does not affect me or other people, so they should always be allowed Essay

A husband comes home from work earlier than usual and finds his wife in bed. He finds it awkward so he thinks she is sick and then suddenly a phone with the same ring tone as his starts ringing. A naked man strangely comes out of the closet and answers his phone ignoring them and then goes back to the closet and of course the husband is shocked and frustrated with his wife. This is a funny TV commercial for Comviq company. But as hilarious, stupid and entertaining as it seems, it stills sends a message to the viewers about the Scandinavian mobile phone operator Comviq showing why they invented the silent mode on your cell phone. I disagree with the statement in that adverts have large impact on affecting the viewers in both positive and negative ways, therefore I am going to discuss why it should be allowed sometimes to and to some extent restricted. Ads are mainly known for promoting products, marketing goods and selling new products. Some advertising techniques used to promote commercial goods and services can be used to inform, educate and motivate the public about non-commercial issues, such as political ideology, energy conservation and others. Take for example Guinness, it is one of the most successful beer brands in the world, being exported worldwide. It has a long history of marketing campaigns from award winning television commercials to beer mats and posters. Some advertisements also promote â€Å"images† for companies for example most cigarette companies for example Marlboro Man has the message: â€Å"smoking cause lung cancer† written on its packet. Smirnoff a brand of Vodka also has advertisements informing viewers of the risk of drinking too much while driving. Both of these companies in a way are trying to show a positive side of them in showing that they care about the lives of their customers even though their products are more of a menace. Educating and entertaining viewers are also the affairs of adverts. Some adverts that are used to sell products for example condoms are used to motivate people to buy them by informing about the dangers of HIV/AIDS. While some ads’ main purpose is just to educate the viewers, for example opposing of selling of drugs to youth and informing why it is dangerous to their health. To capture the viewers’ attention the ads must be entertaining. Entertaining in the sense that they are funny, thrilling or captivating. These ads helps viewers a lot for example in spicing up their lives, daily conversations and humorous ones provides them with lots of laughs. Therefore helps us to fight stress. However there are times when ads should be banned for every good thing has a negative side of it. In the process of advertising some ads should be alert of who they are broadcasting to. They should be prudent to their gender, class, age and should also consider time, when the ads should be shot out. Personally I get irritated when I am watching the most fascinating part of the movie and commercial emerges on the screen or during meal times disgusting ads show up and you suddenly loose your appetite. Like I mentioned earlier the class of the viewers should also be reflected on in that some ads makes some unhappy wanting what they don’t have. This is especially the poor because of course the upper class will be happy with new products or fashion that they can afford. Some people may also be disheartened or depressed by some ads for example ads featuring beautiful or handsome models make many people who feel they are not good looking enough or beautiful bodied discouraged and they end up turning to dangerous things like drugs especially the youth for comfort. In spite of that some ads pollute our eyes and ears everywhere we go. They pollute our eyes in the sense that they show obscene pictures and videos in the course of advertising. People who have corrupted minds don’t really mind but some do especially parents who don’t want their children to be brought up in a â€Å"contaminated† manner. These ads don’t usually come a long way because some people are sued and therefore they end up getting banned from being broadcasted on t.v, internet, e.t.c. Commercials on radio may also end up getting banned especially when a lot of irritating vulgar language is used. Some ads let us realize that the world is full of lies and teaches us to be careful. Many people do watch and read ads but most of them do not believe them maybe because of an awful past experience. There are some cases when ads have been sued because of manipulating the viewers for example The Dr. James slimming pills, an American product was banned, the company was fined and the buyers of the product were refunded. Exaggeration is also another thing that is unpleasant to viewers because of the way it influences them especially small children who cannot judge lies and will only beg for things. They are simply brainwashed and end up disturbing their parents by crying and pleading for the things that they have just seen even whether they are manipulating or not. They might even try to do what their role models in the ads are doing which is very dangerous for example like dinking â€Å"red bull†, an energy drink which contains alcohol just to fly like superman. I must conclude that ads have much more positive than negative influences. Ads make many people’s life easier in that it reduces stress, entertains. They also help people with various different business firms to sell their products, market goods and also promote their organizations. However there are some special cases when ads should be careful for example who, when and why they are targeting. I belief that in this world, we cannot do without advertisements. It plays a major role in communicating between many different groups e.g a retailer and a consumer. For that reason I would call to action that instead of banning ads we should improve them by excluding exaggeration or manipulation, and vulgar language or obscene videos featuring in ads and all would be well.

Best Summary and Analysis The Great Gatsby, Chapter 3

Best Summary and Analysis The Great Gatsby, Chapter 3 SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In Chapter 3 of The Great Gatsby, we finally - finally! - we get to see one of Gatsby’s totally off the hook parties! And, it more than lives up to the hype as far as Nick is concerned. Even more excitingly, we finally get to meet the man, the myth, the legend himself - Gatsby, in the flesh! So why then does this reveal, which the novel has been building toward for 2.5 chapters, seem so anticlimactic? Read on for our Great GatsbyChapter 3 summary, coveringthe highs and lows of the Gatsby Saturday night experience. Quick Note on Our Citations Our citation format in this guide is (chapter.paragraph). We're using this system since there are many editions of Gatsby, so using page numbers would only work for students with our copy of the book. To find a quotation we cite via chapter and paragraph in your book, you can either eyeball it (Paragraph 1-50: beginning of chapter; 50-100: middle of chapter; 100-on: end of chapter), or use the search function if you're using an online or eReader version of the text. The Great Gatsby: Chapter 3Summary Nick describes watching endless parties going on in Gatsby’s house every weekend. Guests party day and night and then on Mondays servants clean up the mess. Everything is about excess and a sense of overkill. Each weekend, guests are ferried back and forth to Manhattan by Rolls-Royce, crates of oranges and lemons are juiced, an army of caterers sets up tents and lighting, food is piled high, the bar is overwhelmingly stocked, and there is a huge band playing. It's an even bigger deal than it sounds because all this is happeningduring the Prohibition, when alcohol was supposedly unavailable. The first night Nick goes to Gatsby’s for a party, he’s one of a very few actually invited guests. Everyone else just crashes.At the party, Nick is ill at ease. He knows no one. There’s a surprising number of English people at the party, who seem desperate to get their hands on American money. No one knows where Gatsby himself is. Nick hangs out near the bar until he sees Jordan Baker.Nick and Jordan chat with other party people. A young woman tells them that at another one of these parties, when she ripped her dress by accident, Gatsby sent her a very expensive replacement.They gossip about what this odd behavior means. One rumor has it that Gatsby killed someone, another that he was a German spy. Food is served, which Nick and Jordan eat at a table full of people from East Egg, who look at this insane party with condescension. Theydecide to find Gatsby since Nick has never actually met him. In his mansion, they end up in the library, which has ornately carved bookshelves and reams of books.A man with owl-eyed spectacles enthuses about the fact that all these books are actually real – and about the fact that Gatsby hasn’t cut their pages (meaning he’s never read any of them). Back out in the garden, guests are now dancing, and several famous opera singers perform. Some partygoers also perform relatively risquà © acts. Nick and Jordan sit down at a table with a man who recognizes Nick from the army. After talking about the places in France where they were stationed during the war, the man reveals that he is Gatsby.Gatsby flashes the world’s greatest and most seductive (not sexually, just extremely appealingly) smile at Nick and leaves to take a phone call from Chicago. Nick demands more information about Gatsby from Jordan, who said that Gatsby calls himself an Oxford man (meaning, he went to the University of Oxford). Jordan says that she doesn’t believe this, and Nick lumps the info in with all the other rumors he’s heard (that Gatsby had killed a man, that he was Kaiser Wilhelm’s nephew, that he was a German spy, etc.). The orchestra strikes up the latest number one hit.Nick notices Gatsby looking over his guests with approval. Gatsby neither drinks, nor dances, nor flirts with anyone at the party. When Jordan is suddenly and mysteriously asked to speak to Gatsby alone, Nick watches a drunk guest weep and then pass out. He notices fights breaking out between other couples. Even the group of people from East Egg are no longer on their best behavior. Despite the fact that the party is clearly over, no one wants to leave.As Nick is getting his hat to leave, Gatsby and Jordan come out of the library. Jordan tells Nick that Gatsby has just told her something amazing – but she can’t reveal what. She gives Nick her number and leaves. Nick finds Gatsby, apologizes for not seeking him out earlier. Gatsby invites him to go out on his hydroplane the next day, and Nick leaves as Gatsby is summoned to a phone call from Philadelphia. He waves goodbye from the steps of his mansion, looking lonely. Outside, the man with the owl-eyed spectacles from the library has crashed his car. An even drunker man emerges from the driver’s seat of the wreck and is comically but also horrifyingly confused about what has happened. Suddenly, the narrative is interrupted by present-day Nick. He thinks that what he’s been writing is probably giving us the wrong idea. He wasn’t fixated on Gatsby during that summer – this fixation has only happened since then.That summer, he spent most of his time working at his second or third-tier bond trading company, Probity Trust, and had a relationship with a coworker. He started to really like the crowded and anonymous feel of Manhattan, but also felt lonely. In the middle of the summer, Nick reconnects with Jordan Baker and they start dating. He almost falls in love with her and discovers that under her veneer of boredom, Jordan is an incorrigible liar. She gets away with it because in the rigid upper-class code of behavior, calling a woman out as a liar would be improper. Nick suddenly remembers the story he had read about her golfing career: Jordan was accused of cheating by moving her ball to a better lie, but the witnesses later recanted and nothing was proven. When Nick complains that Jordan is a terrible driver, she answers that she relies on the other people on the road to be careful instead of her.Nick wants to take their relationship further, but reigns himself in because he hasn’t fully broken off the non-engagement back home that Tom and Daisy had asked him about earlier. He claims that he is one of the few honest people that he’s ever met. So, lots of car accidents, and talk about car accidents, all in the vicinity of alcohol? Can you say foreshadowing? Key Chapter 3 Quotes I believe that on the first night I went to Gatsby's house I was one of the few guests who had actually been invited. People were not invited- they went there. They got into automobiles which bore them out to Long Island and somehow they ended up at Gatsby's door. Once there they were introduced by somebody who knew Gatsby and after that they conducted themselves according to the rules of behavior associated with amusement parks. Sometimes they came and went without having met Gatsby at all, came for the party with a simplicity of heart that was its own ticket of admission. (3.7) Gatsby’s parties are the epitome of anonymous, meaningless excess – so much so that people treat his house as a kind of public, or at least commercial, space rather than a private home. This is connected to the vulgarity of new money– you can’t imagine Tom and Daisy throwing a party like this. Or Nick for that matter. The random and meaningless indulgence of his parties further highlights Gatsby's isolation from true friends. As Jordan says later, large parties are great because they provide privacy/intimacy, so Gatsby stands alone in a sea of strangers having their own intimate moments. A stout, middle-aged man with enormous owl-eyed spectacles was sitting somewhat drunk on the edge of a great table, staring with unsteady concentration at the shelves of books. †¦He waved his hand toward the book-shelves. "About that. As a matter of fact you needn't bother to ascertain. I ascertained. They're real†¦."Absolutely real- have pages and everything. I thought they'd be a nice durable cardboard. Matter of fact, they're absolutely real. Pages and- Here! Lemme show you." Taking our skepticism for granted, he rushed to the bookcases and returned with Volume One of the "Stoddard Lectures." "See!" he cried triumphantly. "It's a bona fide piece of printed matter. It fooled me. This fella's a regular Belasco. It's a triumph. What thoroughness! What realism! Knew when to stop too- didn't cut the pages. But what do you want? What do you expect?" (3.41-50) Belasco was a renowned theatrical producer, so comparing Gatsby to him here is a way of describing the library as a stageset for a play – in other words, as a magnificent and convincing fake. This sea of unread books is either yet more tremendous waste of resources, or a kind of miniature example of the fact that a person’s core identity remains the same no matter how many layers of disguise are placed on top. Gatsby has the money to buy these books, but he lacks the interest, depth, time, or ambition to read and understand them, which is similar to how he regards his quest to get Daisy. He smiled understandingly- much more than understandingly. It was one of those rare smiles with a quality of eternal reassurance in it, that you may come across four or five times in life. It faced- or seemed to face- the whole external world for an instant, and then concentrated on you with an irresistible prejudice in your favor. It understood you just so far as you wanted to be understood, believed in you as you would like to believe in yourself and assured you that it had precisely the impression of you that, at your best, you hoped to convey. Precisely at that point it vanished- and I was looking at an elegant young rough-neck, a year or two over thirty, whose elaborate formality of speech just missed being absurd. Some time before he introduced himself I'd got a strong impression that he was picking his words with care. (3.76) Lots of Gatsby’s appeallies in his ability to instantly connect with the person he is speaking to, to make that person feel important and valued. This is probably what makes him a great front man for Wolfsheim’s bootlegging enterprise, and connects him with Daisy, who also has a preternaturally appealing quality – her voice. Dishonesty in a woman is a thing you never blame deeply- I was casually sorry, and then I forgot. (3.161) The offhanded misogyny of this remark that Nick makes about Jordan is telling in a novel where women are generally treated as objects at worst or lesser beings at best. Even our narrator, ostensibly a tolerant and nonjudgmental observer, here reveals a core of patriarchal assumptions that run deep. Every one suspects himself of at least one of the cardinal virtues, and this is mine: I am one of the few honest people that I have ever known. (3.171) There are layers of meaning and humor here. First, the humor: While in Christian tradition there is the concept of cardinal virtues, honesty is not one of them. So here, since the phrase â€Å"cardinal sin† is the more familiar concept, there is a small joke that Nick’s honesty is actually a negative quality, a burden. Nick is telling us about his scrupulous honesty a second after he’s revealed that he’s been writing love letters to a girl back home every week despite wanting to end their relationship, and despite dating a girl at his office, and then dating Jordan in the meantime. So honesty to Nick doesn’t really mean what it might to most people. Second, the meaning: What does it mean to have our narrator tell us in one breath that he is honest to a fault, and that he doesn’t think that most other people are honest? This sounds like a humblebrag kind of observation. But also, we need to question Nick’s ability to understand/empathize with other people if he thinks he is on such a removed plane of existence from them. And of course since he just showed us that he is not actually all that honest only a paragraph ago, we need to realize that his narration is probably not completely factual/accurate/truthful. Plus, this observation comes at the end of the third chapter, after we've met all the major players finally - so it's like the board has been set, and now we finallt have enough informationto distrustour narrator. I guess we’re going with â€Å"Nick Carraway: World’s Most Honest Liar† on this one? Chapter 3 Analysis This is a good time to step back from the plot and the text to see how this chapter connects to the book's bigger picture. Themes and Symbols Money and Materialism. Nothing says Roaring 20s excess like the insane party Gatsby throws. In Nick’s description, it’s an explosion of decorations, food, alcohol, music, and anonymous guests who don’t even know the host. This, combined with the over-the-top level of entertainment he provides is jarring even for the wealthy West Egg crowd, and speaks to the materialism and conspicuous display of consumption the novel deplores. It’s interesting that Gatsby orchestrates but doesn’t participate in his extravaganzas – even the guests become display pieces of his wealth as he stands above them and watches. Society and Class. At the same time, we get a sense of the West Egg/East Egg divide as Jordan Baker’s East Egg friends stick together and do not mix with the rest of the guests, regarding them as vulgar and beneath them. Mutability of Identity. The beautifully decorated libraryfilled with books that have never been read speaks to Gatsby’s theatrical approach to crafting his new identity. He can create the trapping and appearance of an Oxford man, but doesn’t have the background or inner resources to actually be one.At the same time, the mystery around Gatsby deepens. We get new theories about his background - he killed a man, he was a German spy during the war, he went to Oxford. And we also see him doing all sorts of inexplicable things – taking business phone calls from Chicago and Philadelphia, telling Jordan something secret and fascinating, not actually partying at his own party. At the same time, we get the first glimpse into the â€Å"great† Gatsby – that dazzling smile that captivates Nick with its empathy and connection. Motifs: Sports.We get our second mention of organized sports in Nick’s brief description of a golf cheating scandal that Jordan was involved with. He chalks it up to her general tendency to lie. Golf is the perfect sport for Jordan to play. It is a game that is highly ordered by social rules and customs, so it fits neatly into her lying MO- she relies on the idea that accusing a woman of cheating is seen as ungentlemanly. Jordan Baker: using the staid rules of the behavior of the upper crust to leverage her golf game, like a boss. Crucial Character Beats Nick and Jordan meet the man with the owl-eyed spectacles (a mysterious and yet somehow important minor figure - later, he will be the only person who will show up to Gatsby’s funeral) who shows them Gatsby’s library of unread books. Like the rest of Gatsby’s life, this library is just window-dressing. We finally meet Gatsby! The title character of the book doesn’t appear until Chapter 3 – and by this point, he’s no longer just a man. He’s a myth and a legend. His actual appearance doesn’t dispel the mystery, but deepens it: why is he getting business phone calls on a weekend? How does a man as young as he is have this kind of money? Why doesn’t he participate in his own party? Why doesn’t Nick describe what he looks like (the way he does every other person in the book)? The owl-spectacles man and his even drunker companion crash a car that they have no idea how to drive. This alarming combination of driving and alcohol is here played for laughs, but is also an important bit of foreshadowing. The foreshadowing is laid on even thicker when Jordan says that as a careless driver, she relies on other people to watch out for her, and Nick points out the danger of two careless people meeting on the road. Present-day Nickinterrupts his story to let us know that the things that he is describing as significant now didn’t appear so at the time. This both shows how much his fascination with Gatsby has grown over time, and makes the novel’s heavy use of foreshadowing all the more significant. Nick and Jordan start dating, and he realizes that she is a compulsive liar. What’s Next? Learn more about what makes Jordan tick in preparation for the next chapter, when she will take over narrator duties for a while. Consider the role the motifs of music, alcohol, and sports play in the novel. Think about how Gatsby’s parties have been portrayed in the movie adaptations of this novel, since these are the scenes that have become iconic in the way Gatsby has seeped into the larger culture. Move on to the summary of Chapter 4, or revisit the summary of Chapter 2. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Fahrenheit 451 Summary

Fahrenheit 451 Summary Ray Bradbury’s 1953 novel Fahrenheit 451 is set in a dystopian society that burns books in order to control dangerous ideas and unhappy concepts. The novel tells the story of Guy Montag, a fireman who questions the book-burning policy and undergoes extraordinary suffering and transformation as a result. Part 1: The Hearth and the Salamander When the novel begins, fireman Guy Montag is burning a hidden collection of books. He enjoys the experience; it is a pleasure to burn. After finishing his shift, he leaves the firehouse and goes home. On the way he meets a neighbor, a young girl named Clarisse McClellan. Clarisse tells Montag that she is crazy and she asks Montag many questions. After they part, Montag finds himself disturbed by the encounter. Clarisse has forced him to think about his life instead of simply offering superficial responses to her questions. At home, Montag discovers his wife, Mildred, unconscious from an overdose of sleeping pills. Montag calls for help and two technicians arrive to pump Mildreds stomach and perform a blood transfusion. They tell Montag that they no longer send doctors because there are so many overdoses. The next day, Mildred claims to have no memory of the overdose, believing she went to a wild party and woke up hungover. Montag is disturbed by her cheer and her inability to engage with what happened. Montag continues to meet Clarisse almost every night for talks. Clarisse tells him that she is sent to therapy because she does not enjoy the normal activities of life and prefers to be outside and to have conversations. Some weeks later Clarisse suddenly stops meeting him, and Montag is saddened and alarmed. The firemen are called to a book hoarder’s house. An old woman refuses to give up her library, and the firemen break in and begin to tear the house apart. In the chaos, Montag steals a copy of the Bible on impulse. The old woman then shocks him by setting herself and her books on fire. Montag goes home and attempts to engage Mildred in conversation, but his wife’s mind has regressed and she is incapable of even simple thoughts. He asks her what happened to Clarisse and she is able to tell him that the girl was hit by a car and killed a few days prior. Montag tries to sleep but imagines a Hound (a robotic assistant to the firemen) prowling around outside. The next morning, Montag suggests he might need a break from his work, and Mildred panics over the thought of not being able to afford their home and the large wall-sized televisions that provide her parlor wall family. Hearing of Montag’s crisis, Montag’s boss, Captain Beatty, explains the origin of the book-burning policy: because of shortening attention spans and increased protest against various books content, the society decided to voluntarily dispense of all books in order to prevent future trouble. Beatty suspects Montag has stolen a book, and tells Montag that a fireman who has stolen a book is usually given 24 hours to burn it. After that, the rest of the firemen will come and burn down his house. After Beatty leaves, Montag reveals to a horrified Mildred that he has been stealing books for a while, and has several hidden away. She attempts to burn them, but he stops her and says they will read the books and decide if they have any value. If not, he promises to burn them. Part 2: The Sieve and the Sand Montag hears the Hound outside the house, but tries to force Mildred to consider the books. She refuses, angry at being forced to think. Montag tells her that something is wrong with the world, that no one is paying attention to the bombers overhead that threaten nuclear war, and he suspects books might contain information that could help fix it. Mildred becomes angry, but soon gets distracted when her friend Mrs. Bowles calls to arrange a television viewing party. Frustrated, Montag telephones a man he’d met many years before: a former English professor named Faber. He wants to ask Faber about books, but Faber hangs up on him. Montag goes to Faber’s house via subway, taking the Bible with him; he attempts to read it but is constantly distracted and overwhelmed by the advertising being played incessantly. Faber, an old man, is suspicious and afraid. He initially refuses to help Montag in his quest for knowledge, so Montag begins to rip pages from the Bible, destroying the book. This act horrifies Faber and he finally agrees to help, giving Montag an earpiece so that Faber can guide him verbally from a distance. Montag returns home and interrupts Mildreds viewing party, turning off the parlor wall screens. He tries to engage Mildred and their guests in conversation, but they are revealed to be thoughtless and callous people who don’t even care for their own children. Disgusted, Montag begins reading from a book of poetry despite Faber’s pleas in his ear. Mildred tells her friends that this is something firemen do once a year to remind everyone how terrible books and the past were. The party breaks up, and Faber insists that Montag burn the poetry book to avoid arrest. Montag buries the rest of his book collection and takes the bible to the firehouse, handing it to Beatty. Beatty informs him that he himself was once a book-lover, but he realized that none of the knowledge in books was of any real use. A call comes in for the firemen and they climb onto the truck and race to the destination: Montag’s house. Part 3: Burning Bright Beatty tells Montag that his wife and her friends reported him. Mildred leaves the house in a daze and gets into a taxi without a word. Montag does as ordered and burns his own house down, but when Beatty discovers the earpiece and threatens to kill Faber, Montag burns him to death and attacks his fellow firemen. The Hound attacks him and injects tranquilizers into his leg before he can burn it as well. As he limps away he wonders if Beatty had wanted to die, and set up Montag to kill him. At Faber’s house, the old man urges Montag to flee into the wilderness and make contact with the Drifters, a group of people who have escaped society. They see another Hound being released on television. Montag meets the drifters, who are led by a man named Granger. Granger tells him that the authorities will fake Montag’s capture rather than admit to any flaw in their control, and sure enough, they watch on a portable television as a another man is identified as Montag and executed. The Drifters are former intellectuals, and they have each memorized at least one book with the intention of carrying its knowledge into the future. As Montag studies with them, bombers fly overhead and drop nuclear bombs on the city. The Drifters are far enough away to survive. The next day, Granger tells them about the legendary Phoenix that rose from the ashes, and muses that humans can do the same, except with the knowledge of their own mistakes to guide them. The group then begins walking towards the city to help rebuild society with their memorized wisdom.

Knowledge Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words - 1

Knowledge Management - Essay Example ess the issues, questionnaire survey was conducted by integrating 30 fulltime employees from both municipal and water level functions of the Ministry. According to the analysis of the data obtained from questionnaire survey, majority of the respondents expressed their concerns towards the failure of training department to link its training programs with the functional path of the Ministry. Moreover, a lower amount of investment portfolio was observed to radically minimize the efficiency of the training programs and hinder the productivity skills of the employees. In order to deal with the issues, the study provided an effective set of recommendations that can enable the training centers of the Ministry to define appropriate training path facilitating the employees to meet the functional objective of the organization. Ministry of Regional Municipalities & Water Resources (MRMWR) is responsible for controlling and managing water resources across the different areas of Oman. The Ministry has been involved in wide range of functional activities in terms of emphasizing effective use of water resources and improving the quality of life for the citizens of Oman. The department has long been witnessed to effectively deal with wide range of issues associated with managing water resources and provide adequate support to each community across the nation (Ministry of Regional Municipalities and Water Resources, 2011). However, the MRMWR has also been facing a significant issue associated with its knowledge management initiatives in its training centers that further resulted MRMWR to face major obstacles in terms of aligning its operational goals with the primary objectives of the organization. Moreover, the organization is often identified to face problems relating to financing the training centers in terms of hiring training experts and enabling employees to efficiently meet the organizational goals and objectives (Pinto-Coelho, 2010). The concept of knowledge management